What is the most appropriate method for confirming a suspected diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?

Recording symptoms prospectively for a minimum of two menstrual cycles is the most appropriate method for confirming a suspected diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). This approach allows for the systematic documentation and analysis of symptoms that typically occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve with the onset of menstruation.

PMS is characterized by a specific pattern of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that occur cyclically. By tracking symptoms over time, a clearer picture of their relationship to the menstrual cycle can be established, which is essential for an accurate diagnosis. This method emphasizes the need for a thorough assessment of both the frequency and severity of symptoms, making it the gold standard for PMS diagnosis.

Other methods, such as imaging studies or hormone level tests, do not provide the necessary evidence to confirm PMS and are not typically used to establish this diagnosis. A trial of hormonal treatment may be beneficial for management but does not serve as a confirmatory diagnostic approach. Thus, the prospective recording of symptoms is the most reliable and appropriate strategy in this case.