What does the human papillomavirus vaccine primarily prevent?

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is designed primarily to prevent initial infection with certain strains of HPV that are most commonly associated with cervical cancer, other genital cancers, and anal cancer, as well as genital warts. By immunizing individuals against these high-risk strains of the virus, the vaccine significantly reduces the likelihood of developing HPV-related diseases.

This preventive function is particularly important as many HPV infections are asymptomatic and can lead to serious health issues, making vaccination a crucial public health strategy. The vaccine is recommended for both boys and girls and is typically administered before the onset of sexual activity to maximize its effectiveness in preventing infection.

The other options do not accurately represent the primary function of the HPV vaccine. For instance, the vaccine does not cause remission of existing lesions nor is it solely contraindicated for immunocompromised patients without considering specific circumstances. Additionally, the vaccine is not recommended exclusively for girls aged 15 years and older but is encouraged for preteens, typically starting around age 11 or 12, for both genders.